The Quiet Revolution also extended beyond Québec's borders by virtue of its influence on contemporary Canadian politics. the impact of postponement on fecundability, infertility and adverse reproductive outcomes. Lesage attempted to put the public purse in order by promoting a dynamic provincial asserting that there could be only one interlocutor with foreign countries. However, the Liberals obtained 47 per cent of the popular Scroll down the page to view this topic. By the early 1960s, there were more than 1,500 school boards, each responsible for its own programs, textbooks and the recognition of diplomas according to its own criteria. In consequence, the province had fallen behind, and had acquired increasingly negative characteristics. James II was the son of Charles I and younger brother to Charles II. At the dawn of the 1960s and the ushering in of the Quiet Revolution, feminism in Quebec had lain dormant since the late 1940s. It was a byproduct of Canada's 20-year post-war expansion and Québec's position as the leading province for more than a century before and after Confederation. In addition, until the Quiet Revolution, higher education was accessible to only a minority of French Canadians because of the generally low level of formal education and the expense involved. The church resisted recommended changes, but without success. French Canadian nationalism, The issue of special status arose when Québec became the only province to opt out of some 30 joint programs that the other provinces stayed with. All this hatred and differences started in the past, and this Quiet revolution, right after a new Liberal government led by Jean Lesage came in 1960. The topic is Quebec’s ‘Révolution Tranquille’ (Quiet Revolution), Its Causes and Consequences. [4] Some quoted the Union Nationale slogan Le ciel est bleu, l'enfer est rouge (The sky (Heaven) is blue, Hell is red) as a reference to the colours of the Union Nationale (blue) and the Liberals (red), the latter accused often of being pro-communist. In 1964, it introduced three major pieces of legislation: an extensive revision The main issue of the election was indicated by the Liberal slogan, "It's time for a change." which was becoming more and more Québecois in nature, was exacerbated by this crisis. [29], The perception of the Quiet Revolution as a great upheaval in Québec society persists (with significant merit), but the revisionist argument that describes this period as a natural continuation of innovations already occurring in Québec cannot be omitted from any discussion on the merits of the Quiet Revolution. Durocher, R., Quiet Revolution (2015). nationalized. — such as pensions, health care, and tax-sharing — in exchange for fiscal compensation. This strategy, however, proved weak as Québec's natural resources were exploited for little profit. [citation needed], Alphonse-Marie Parent presided over a commission established in 1961 to study the education system and bring forth recommendations, which eventually led to the adoption of several reforms, the most important of which was secularization of the education system. To enhance and encourage francophone participation in all national institutions, a policy of official bilingualism "Montreal's Economy Since 1930," in, Tanguay. Thomas Sloan, Quebec: The-not So-Quiet Revolution (1965). Noted Québec historian Jacques Rouillard [fr] took this revisionist stance in arguing that the Quiet Revolution may have accelerated the natural evolution of Quebec’s francophone society rather than having turned it on its head. 377 talking about this. It was during the same year that the Code Civil (Civil Code) was modified to recognize the legal equality of spouses. The Quiet Revolution (Révolution tranquille) was a time of rapid change experienced in Québec during the 1960s. Such francization also occurred in the fields of education, social welfare, and health services, as well as in all levels The Caisse was made responsible for administering the assets of the Québec Pension Plan, which rapidly grew to several billion dollars. 385) On 7 … Although Québec was a highly industrialized, urban, and relatively outward-looking society in 1960, the Union Nationale party, in power since 1944, seemed increasingly … Was there a “sexual revolution” in Canada in the 1960s? Causes for the Revolution in 1830: The congress of Vienna restored Louis-XVIII as the king of France. If you are an anglophone, then you will consider it was a disaster because it destroyed their unchallenged supremacy and forced them to submit to the majority of the population. From Indigo.ca. 22. From Indigo.ca. From InRoadsJournal.ca. in power since the Liberal defeat in 1966. [23] Behiels asked, how important are economic factors such as outside control of Québec's finance and industry? [11] Although schools maintained their Catholic or Protestant character, in practice they became secular institutions. Hydro-Québec met most of these objectives and became a symbol of success and source of pride for the Québécois. ...The Glorious Revolution in England of 1688 James II succession to the throne of England came without protest of any kind. [39] Before the end of the 1960s, Trudeau would pass the Official Languages Act (1969), which aimed to ensure that all federal government services were available in both of Canada's official languages. (Cannon, pg. In many ways, Duplessis's death in 1959, quickly followed by the sudden death of his successor Paul Sauvé, triggered the Quiet Revolution. More public institutions were created to follow through with the desire to increase the province's economic autonomy. foundation of the Société générale de financement (General Investment Corporation) in 1962. Coined the Quiet Revolution due to Quebec's transformation from an anachronism in North America to a modern, energetic society Fight to defend provincial rights against federal interference throughout 1940s and 1950s Church's failure to administer education correctly Industrial changes and their social consequences challenged traditional values [21] The shift in mentality of the Quiet Revolution allowed Québec to gain further financial autonomy by accessing this area of the economy which, as is evidenced by Hydro-Québec, is extremely profitable. It made unionizing much easier and gave public employees the right to strike. [16] Per Professor Claude Belanger of Montreal's Marianopolis College the loss of influence of the RC Church and subsequent abandonment of long adhered to Church teachings concerning procreation was a key factor in Quebec going from having the highest provincial birth rate in 1960 to the lowest in 1970. To reduce the size of secret electoral funds, it limited authorized expenditures during election periods. [28], Rouillard also argues that traditional portrayals of the Quiet Revolution falsely depict it as the rise of Liberalism in Québec. Lasting Effects of the Agricultural Revolution. A new age began as every aspect of society came under scrutiny. From McGill University. Voices from the Quiet RevolutionA look back at the Quiet Revolution with some of its leading participants. [40] By the end of the 1960s, Trudeau had also passed legislation decriminalizing homosexuality and certain types of abortion. Thanks for contributing to The Canadian Encyclopedia. [22], The Parti Québécois twice led the Québécois people through unsuccessful referendums, the first in 1980 on the question of political sovereignty with economic association to Canada (also known as sovereignty association),[7] and the second in 1995 on full sovereignty.[8]. It demonstrated the strength and initiative of the Québec government and was a symbol of the ingenuity of Québécois in their capability to complete such an ambitious project. [6] This bill still stands today, although many reforms have been made in an attempt to make it less harsh. The party still had a solid base in the rural areas that were left largely untouched by the Quiet Revolution. [50], Period of political, cultural and economic change in Canada's Quebec province (1960s-80s). ices. Buoyed by significant manufacturing demand during World War I and World War II, the Québec economy was already expanding before the events of the Quiet Revolution. [5] Until the second half of the 20th century, the majority of Francophone Québec workers lived below the poverty line,[citation needed] and Francophones did not join the executive ranks of the businesses of their own province. In case of divorce, the rules for administering the Divorce Act were retained using Québéc's old community property matrimonial regime until 1980, when new legislation brought an automatic equal division of certain basic family assets between spouses. The public companies SIDBEC (iron and steel), SOQUEM (mining), REXFOR (forestry) and SOQUIP (petroleum) were created to exploit the province's natural resources. The objectives of nationalization included standardizing rates across the province, co-ordinating investments, integrating the system, encouraging industrialization, guaranteeing economic benefits for the Québec economy through a buy-Québec policy, and 26. The Quiet Revolution had a dramatic effect on the Roman Catholic Church in Quebec. resources. [47] Under Drapeau, Montreal was awarded the 1967 International and Universal Exposition (Expo 67), whose construction he oversaw. Trofimenkoff, The Dream of Nation (1983). ", This page was last edited on 14 February 2021, at 19:14. The clergy believed it would be able to provide appropriate teaching to young people and that the province should not interfere. In the election of 22 June 1960, the Liberals broke the hold of the Union Nationale, taking 51 seats and 51.5 per cent of the popular vote as compared to the latter's 43 seats and 46.6 per cent of the vote. [27] The historiography of the period has been notably explored by Ronald Rudin, who describes the legacy of the Lesage years in the depiction of what preceded them. 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